济南股权架构设计的本质是通过一系列约定实现稳定控制权、平衡各方利益的活动，那么股权架构落地的载体是怎样实现的呢?目前主流做法是，通过股东之间的协议以及公司章程来实现。这两种形式各有侧重点，效力范围也略有不同。

The essence of equity structure design is to achieve stable control and balance the interests of all parties through a series of agreements. So, how is the carrier of equity structure implementation achieved? The current mainstream approach is to achieve this through agreements between shareholders and the company's articles of association. These two forms each have their own focus and slightly different scope of effectiveness.

1、股东协议

1. Shareholders' Agreement

(1)股东协议的应用场景

(1) Application scenarios of shareholder agreements

股东协议是目前使用普遍的股权设计载体，因其自身具有的灵活性而在投融资领域被广泛使用。

Shareholders' agreements are currently the most commonly used equity design vehicle and are widely used in the investment and financing field due to their inherent flexibility.

①满足股东的个性化需求

① Meeting the personalized needs of shareholders

②突破工商登记手续的限制

② Breaking through the limitations of business registration procedures

③保障协议有效性的需要

③ The need to ensure the effectiveness of the agreement

(2)股东协议的效力范围

(2) Scope of Validity of Shareholders' Agreement

股东协议属于无名合同，因此在权利义务的设置上具有相当的灵活性和自主性，这也是股东协议的一个巨大优势。这种协议不需要在工商局进行备案，也不需要进行行政审批，如果协议未附有生效条件或期限，股东签订后即可生效。

The shareholder agreement belongs to an anonymous contract, so it has considerable flexibility and autonomy in the setting of rights and obligations, which is also a huge advantage of the shareholder agreement. This type of agreement does not need to be filed with the Administration for Industry and Commerce, nor does it require administrative approval. If the agreement does not include effective conditions or deadlines, it can take effect after being signed by shareholders.

基于合同的相对性原理，此协议只能约束签署协议的主体，未签署协议的股东以及后续进人的新股东及公司，均不受该协议的约束。当然，股东协议的内容不得违背法律法规的强制性规定，不得存在《合同法》第52条规定的无效情形，否则也没有约束力。

Based on the principle of relativity in contracts, this agreement can only bind the parties signing the agreement. Shareholders who have not signed the agreement, as well as new shareholders and companies who subsequently enter, are not bound by this agreement. Of course, the content of the shareholder agreement shall not violate the mandatory provisions of laws and regulations, and there shall be no invalidity as stipulated in Article 52 of the Contract Law, otherwise it shall not be binding.

(3)股东协议可以解决哪些问题

(3) What issues can shareholder agreements address

①可以作为公司章程和交易协议的补充

① Can serve as a supplement to the company's articles of association and transaction agreements

②解决《公司法》的刚性治理问题

② Addressing the issue of rigid governance in the Company Law

2、公司章程

2. Articles of Association

(1)公司章程的尴尬现状

(1) The awkward situation of the company's articles of association

实践中公司章程的尴地表现在两个方面:

The limitations of company bylaws in practice are manifested in two aspects:

①公司对公司章程重要性的认识不足

① Insufficient understanding of the importance of the company's articles of association by the company

②工商备案的僵化

② The rigidity of industrial and commercial registration

(2)公司章程的效力范围

(2) Scope of Validity of the Company's Articles of Association

章程效力主要包括两个方面:时间效力。对人效力。

The effectiveness of the articles of association mainly includes two aspects: time effectiveness. Effectiveness to Persons.

(3)公司章程的自治空间

(3) Autonomy Space of Company Articles of Association

《公司法》给了股东足够的自治空间，表现为尊重股东通过公司章程贯彻自治原则。在进行股权架构设计时，可以充分利用这些自治空间满足股东的一部分特殊需求。

The Company Law provides sufficient autonomy space for shareholders, manifested in respecting the principle of autonomy implemented by shareholders through the company's articles of association. When designing the equity structure, these autonomous spaces can be fully utilized to meet some of the special needs of shareholders.

或者公司早程规定时其他解散

Or other dissolution as stipulated by the company's early schedule

散事由出现。

Scattered reasons arise.

3、其他载体

3. Other carriers

根据上面的讨论，公司章程是股权架构设计的必备载体，公司的设立以及变更都离不开公司章程，它除了满足法定要求之外，还解决了部分的股东个性需求；股东协议也是股权架构设计的重要载体，但不是每个公司都需要这种文件形来协助确定现权果构、它制法的部是权东的个样化高来。即平区所种载体形式以外。股东还可以根都公司现状及股东之间的关系。选样北化根棉形式协助股权架构设计的落地，常见的形式包括:

According to the above discussion, the company's articles of association are an essential carrier for designing the equity structure. The establishment and change of a company cannot be separated from the company's articles of association. In addition to meeting legal requirements, it also addresses some of the individual needs of shareholders; The shareholder agreement is also an important carrier of equity structure design, but not every company needs this form of document to assist in determining the current ownership structure, and the part of its legal system is the diversification of ownership. Other than the carrier form used in the flat area. Shareholders can also take into account the current situation of the company and the relationships between shareholders. Selecting samples of Beihua Root Cotton to assist in the implementation of equity structure design, common forms include:

(1)表决权委托协议;

(1) Voting Rights Entrustment Agreement;

(2)一致行动协议;

(2) Agreement on concerted action;

(3)股权代持协议;

(3) Equity holding agreement;

(4)持股路径安排，包括:设立持股平台(通常为有限合伙企业或有限公司)、搭建金字塔式持股结构、进行交叉持股安排等。

(4) The shareholding path arrangement includes: setting up a shareholding platform (usually a limited partnership or limited company), building a pyramid shareholding structure, and making cross shareholding arrangements.

当然，上述协议形式有时是独立的，有时又部分嵌人到股东协议之中，具体采用哪种形式取决于公司治理的需求及股东之间的默契。关于持股路径安排，更多体现的是一种股权结构化设计，虽然不是明确具体的载体形式，但从广义角度看，也是承接股权架构落地的抽象操作安排。公司在设计股权架构时，具体采用哪种方式落地，需要结合公司自身需求、功能要求等灵活使用。更多信息就来我们网站http://www.daoshangbao.com咨询吧！

Of course, the above agreement forms are sometimes independent, and sometimes partially embedded in the shareholder agreement. The specific form adopted depends on the needs of corporate governance and the tacit understanding between shareholders. Regarding the arrangement of shareholding paths, it more reflects a structured equity design. Although it is not a specific carrier form, from a broad perspective, it is also an abstract operational arrangement to undertake the implementation of equity structures. When designing the equity structure of the company, the specific method used for implementation needs to be flexibly combined with the company's own needs, functional requirements, etc. For more information, come to our website http://www.daoshangbao.com Consult!