济南合伙设计公司认为，无论是新设立公司时股权架构的设计，还是公司增资时的持股主体安排，有限合伙持股是目前比较流行的一-种形式。这种方式相比自然人直接持股或者用公司形式持股的特点在于:

Jinan Partnership Design Company believes that limited partnership shareholding is a popular form at present, whether it is the design of equity structure when a new company is established or the arrangement of shareholding subject when the company increases its capital. The characteristics of this method compared to direct shareholding by natural persons or shareholding in the form of a company are:

(1)股东管理具有便利性。有限合伙企业设置两种类型的合伙人:GP、LP。GP日常管理合伙事务并做出决策，LP在出资完成后通常不参与合伙企业的管理。通过有限合伙持股的人数较多，且经常变动的情况下，可以由GP直接在合伙企业内部调整LP的变动份额即可，避免了在公司层面来回调整股权的各种烦琐手续，大大地便利了对股东的管理。

(1) Shareholder management has convenience. Limited partnership enterprises have two types of partners: GP and LP. GP manages partnership affairs and makes decisions on a daily basis, while LP usually does not participate in the management of the partnership after the completion of the investment. In the case of a large number of shareholders holding shares through limited partnership and frequent changes, GP can directly adjust the changed shares of LP within the partnership, avoiding various cumbersome procedures for adjusting the equity back and forth at the company level, which greatly facilitates the management of shareholders.

(2)税收成本居中。国内持股主要是通过三种主体进行:个人、有限公司、有限合伙(少数情况下也有金融资管产品持股)。

(2) The tax cost is in the middle. Domestic shareholding is mainly carried out through three main bodies: individuals, limited companies and limited partnership (in a few cases, there are also financial asset management products).

这三种持股形式中，不考虑税务筹划的情况下，有限公司税负高，有限合伙次之，个人税负低。

Among the three forms of shareholding, without considering tax planning, the tax burden of limited companies is high, followed by limited partnership, and personal tax burden is low.

有限公司的股权转让合计税负43..39%，分红税负20%;有限合伙的股权转让合计税负为10.37%~38.67%(按个体工商户税率)或24.52%(部分税收优惠地区)，分红税负为20%;个人股权转让税负为20%或17%(核定征收)，分红税负为上市股票解禁前10%，解禁后5%。

The total tax burden on the equity transfer of the limited company is 43.. 39%, and the dividend tax burden is 20%; The total tax burden on equity transfer of limited partnership is 10.37%~38.67% (according to the tax rate of individual businesses) or 24.52% (in some tax preferential regions), and the dividend tax burden is 20%; The tax burden on individual equity transfer is 20% or 17% (approved for collection), and the dividend tax burden is 10% before the lifting of the ban on listed stocks and 5% after the lifting of the ban.

但如果税收筹划合理，通过有限公司持股方式的实际税负可能低于有限合伙，且在实际操作中，公司的纳税时间一般延后，而合伙企业的纳税时间较早。

However, if the tax planning is reasonable, the actual tax burden of holding shares in a limited company may be lower than that of a limited partnership, and in practice, the company's tax payment time is generally delayed, while the partnership's tax payment time is earlier.

(3)具有增强控制权的天然优势。由于有限合伙企业的事务都是由GP负责决策及执行，且GP对外代表合伙企业，因此GP对有限合伙具有很强的股权架构解决控制力。如果公司的实际控制人或者大股东担任有限合伙企业的GP，则可以较少的资金投人，起到控制较多股权的目的。

(3) Having a natural advantage of enhancing control. Since the affairs of limited partnership are decided and executed by GP, and GP represents the partnership externally, GP has strong control over limited partnership in terms of equity structure. If the actual controller or major shareholder of the company acts as the GP of a limited partnership, less capital can be invested to control more equity.

这种优势在有限公司中想要实现的话，则必须借助其他的手段，如投票权委托协议、类别股份制度、实际控制等，但在有限合伙中，这种控制是法律直接赋予的权力，是可以天然实现的。

If this advantage is to be realized in a limited company, other means must be used, such as voting power entrustment agreement, class share system, actual control, etc. However, in limited partnership, this control is a power directly granted by law and can be realized naturally.

在成立一家有限合伙企业时，考虑到GP对合伙企业的控制权，除了GP出资部分对应的份额，由LP出资形成的全部份额，可以被视为控制权的放大部分。并且，LP的份额越大，放大效果越明显。更多相关股权的事项就来我们网站http://www.daoshangbao.com咨询吧！

When establishing a limited partnership, considering GP's control over the partnership, in addition to the shares corresponding to GP's contribution, all shares formed by LP's contribution can be regarded as an amplification of control. Moreover, the larger the share of LP, the more significant the amplification effect. For more equity related matters, come to our website http://www.daoshangbao.com Consult!