现在是合伙创业的新时代，合伙创业已经成为新时代成功企业的标配。创业企业的基础，一是合伙人，二是股权。归根到底，是合伙人股权。它基本奠定了一家创业企业的基因，每个创业者都有一个IPO的目标，希望自己的创业项目将来有一天能去主板或者海外敲钟。下面
济南合伙设计公司来讲初创企业合伙人之间的合理股权结构事项。
This is a new era of partnership entrepreneurship, which has become a standard feature for successful enterprises in the new era. The foundation of a start-up enterprise is firstly partners, and secondly equity. Ultimately, it is partner equity. It basically lays the foundation for a startup's genes, and each entrepreneur has an IPO goal, hoping that their entrepreneurial project can one day go to the main board or ring the bell overseas. Below, Jinan Partnership Design Company will discuss the reasonable equity structure matters between startup partners.
创始人在发起设立公司时，如何个性化的制定公司章程：
How does the founder personalize the formulation of the company's articles of association when initiating the establishment of the company
1）股东持股比例可以与出资比例不一样
1) The shareholding ratio of shareholders can be different from the contribution ratio
比如说，一个公司注册资金1000万，两个股东，你出800万，我出200万，正常股权比例一定是8:2，但是公司法允许这个哥俩5：5分账，只要上面这两人同意，这事谁也管不着。因为这种约定是当事人各方的真实意思表示，且未损害他人的利益，也没有违法国家法律法规，因此是合法有效的。
For example, if a company has a registered capital of 10 million yuan and two shareholders, and you contribute 8 million yuan and I contribute 2 million yuan, the normal equity ratio must be 8:2. However, the company law allows this partner to split the account at 5:5. As long as these two people agree, no one can handle this matter. This agreement is legal and effective because it is the true declaration of will of the parties, does not harm the interests of others, and does not violate national laws and regulations.
2）表决权可以与出资比例不一致
2) Voting rights may differ from the proportion of capital contribution
《公司法》第42条规定：股东会会议由股东按照出资比例行使表决权，但是公司章程另有规定的除外。
Article 42 of the Company Law stipulates that shareholders shall exercise their voting rights at shareholders' meetings in proportion to their capital contributions, except as otherwise provided in the company's articles of association.
《公司法》第34条：股东按照实缴的出资比例分取红利;公司新增资本时，股东有权优先按照实缴的出资比例认缴出资。但是，全体股东约定不按照出资比例分取红利或者不按照出资比例优先认缴出资的除外。
Article 34 of the Company Law: Shareholders shall receive dividends in proportion to their actual contributions; When the company increases its capital, shareholders have the right to subscribe to the capital contribution in proportion to their actual contributions. However, unless all shareholders agree not to receive dividends in accordance with the proportion of their capital contributions or do not subscribe to their capital contributions in priority in accordance with the proportion of their capital contributions.
很多创始人在成立公司时公司章程用的都是工商局的格式文本，往往对于法律规定的但是条款都忽略了。
Many founders use the format text of the Industrial and Commercial Bureau when establishing their company's articles of association, often ignoring the legal provisions.
以上列举的就是一些比较常用的关于公司章程的但是条款，象其他关于股权转让时剩余股东的同意权、优先购买权、股东资格的继承、股东会的召开形式、召开期限、对于董、监事、高转让本公司股权的限制呀这些都是可以通过公司章程来做出约定以确保公司的控制权。
The above are some commonly used clauses related to the company's articles of association, such as the consent rights of remaining shareholders during equity transfer, the right of first refusal, the inheritance of shareholder qualifications, the form and duration of shareholders' meetings, and restrictions on directors, supervisors, and high transfer of the company's equity. These can be stipulated through the company's articles of association to ensure the company's control.
创始人确保控制权的方式
How founders ensure control
1）投票权委托的模式
1) The mode of delegation of voting rights
“投票权委托”就是公司部分股东通过协议约定，将其投票权委托给其他特定股东(如创始股东)行使。
'Voting Authorization' refers to some shareholders of a company entrusting their voting rights to other specific shareholders (such as founding shareholders) through an agreement.
2）一致行动人协议
2) Agreement on concerted action
“一致行动人”即通过协议约定，某些股东就特定事项采取一致行动。意见不一致时，某些股东跟随一致行动人投票。
The "concerted action person" refers to the person who, through an agreement, certain shareholders take concerted action on specific matters. When there is disagreement, some shareholders follow the consensus to vote.
3）通过有限合伙持股
3) Shareholding through limited partnership
有限合伙企业在是一种比较新的企业形式，有限合伙企业的合伙人分为普通合伙人(俗称管理合伙人或GP)和有限合伙人(LP)。普通合伙人执行合伙事务，承担管理职能，而有限合伙人只是作为出资方，不参与企业管理。
Limited partnership is a relatively new form of enterprise in China. Partners of limited partnership are divided into General partner (commonly known as managing partner or GP) and limited partner (LP). The General partner executes partnership affairs and assumes management functions, while the limited partner is only a contributor and does not participate in enterprise management.
可以让股东不直接持有公司股权，而是把股东都放在一个有限合伙里面，让这个有限合伙持有公司股权，这样股东就间接持有公司股权。同时，让创始人或其名下公司担任GP，控制整个有限合伙，然后通过这个有限合伙持有和控制公司的部分股权。
Instead of directly holding the company's equity, shareholders can be placed in a limited partnership and let the limited partnership hold the company's equity, so that shareholders can indirectly hold the company's equity. At the same time, let the founder or the company under his name act as GP, control the entire limited partnership, and then hold and control part of the company's equity through this limited partnership.
除创始人之外的其他股东，只能是有限合伙的LP，只享有经济收益而不参与有限合伙日常管理决策，也就不能通过有限合伙控制公司。
Other shareholders other than the founder can only be the LP of limited partnership. They only enjoy economic benefits and do not participate in the daily management decisions of limited partnership, so they cannot control the company through limited partnership.
That's all for explaining the reasonable equity structure among startup partners. I hope it can be helpful to you. For more information, please come to our website http://www.daoshangbao.com consulting service
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