为什么创立公司的时候要进行股权架构布局呢？比访说，你要想实际控制公司的话最少是需要51%的股份，一旦公司发展大了需要融资，你没有设计好你的股权架构，不能最大程度上保证你的实际控制权，哪怕将来你让步再大，最多也只能融到49%的钱。但是呢，如果咱们能够把股权简单的布局一下，就能够做到，用一个集团公司控股业务公司，集团公司能融49%，业务公司也能融49%，不仅能够融到2倍的钱，还能保证了你的实际控制权。

Why is it necessary to layout the equity structure when establishing a company? According to the interview, if you want to actually control the company, you need at least 51% of the shares. Once the company grows and needs financing, if you have not designed your equity structure well, you cannot guarantee your actual control to the greatest extent possible. Even if you make significant concessions in the future, you can only raise up to 49% of the money. But if we can simply lay out the equity, we can achieve that with a group company controlling the business company, the group company can raise 49%, and the business company can also raise 49%. Not only can we raise twice the amount of money, but we can also ensure your actual control.

所以说，公司股权布局得好，即能帮你多融钱，还能少交税，甚至还可以规避很多风险。布 局得不好，股东矛盾大是第一个问题，二一个决策开好几次会都没个结果。三为点鸡毛蒜事吵架扯皮是常事，甚至一不注意公司还是别人的了。

So, if the company's equity layout is good, it can help you raise more money, pay less taxes, and even avoid many risks. The poor layout and significant shareholder conflicts are the first issues, and several meetings have failed to yield any results on the decision-making process. It's common to argue and argue over trivial matters, even if you don't pay attention to whether the company is still owned by someone else.

股权架构布局究竟怎么去做呢？要考虑哪几问题？我劝你啊宁可不吃饭也要把下面的几个核心逻辑记好了，尤其是最后一点。公司的股权架构设计是没有固定的最优解，毕竟每个公司实际情况不一样，千人千面嘛：

How to do the equity structure layout? What are the issues to consider? I advise you to remember the following core logic, especially the last point, even if you don't eat. There is no fixed optimal solution for the equity structure design of a company, after all, the actual situation of each company is different, and there are thousands of people and faces

一，公司的实际控制权。这是最基础的，千万别设计出来一套股权分配方案，最后一执行公司成别人的了。

1、 The actual control of the company. This is the most basic, don't design a set of equity distribution plans, and the last one to execute the company will be someone else's.

二，要设计防火墙。万一公司经营不善破产了，股权设计中布局防火墙，就能让你付出的代价小很多了。比如你的集团公司注册资金10万，用集团公司控股100万的业务公司，那即便业务公司破产，你也只用承担集团公司10万的代价。

2、 Design a firewall. If the company goes bankrupt due to poor management, installing a firewall in the equity design can make the cost much smaller. For example, if your group company has a registered capital of 100000 yuan and you use a business company controlled by the group company for 1 million yuan, even if the business company goes bankrupt, you will only bear the cost of 100000 yuan for the group company.

三，税务规划。开公司是肯定会和税打交道的，做股权布局的时候，尽可能的往国家给予的免税，低税方面的政策去布局。

3、 Tax planning. When starting a company, it is certain to deal with taxes. When making equity arrangements, try to layout according to the tax exemption and low tax policies provided by the country as much as possible.

四，员工的股权激励。通过股权激励，既能够让公司员工为公司的发展尽心尽力，又能吸引更多投资人把资源投到公司来，公司做大做强可以说事半功倍。

4、 Employee equity incentives. Through equity incentives, not only can company employees devote themselves to the development of the company, but also attract more investors to invest resources in the company. Expanding and strengthening the company can achieve twice the result with half the effort.

所以说一个好的股权布局至少要涵盖这4个方面，实际操作中怎么去弄呢？最简单的一个方法就是参照上市公司的股权架构，我这里收集了各行各业各上市公司的股权架构模板，需要的话，你可以拿回去参考参考，只需要对有些股权比例的额度做调整就可以用了，没有的都可以来找我拿啊。

So, a good equity layout should cover at least these four aspects, how to do it in practical operation? The simplest method is to refer to the equity structure of listed companies. I have collected equity structure templates from various industries and listed companies. If you need them, you can take them back for reference. You only need to adjust the quota of some equity ratios and you can use them. If you don't have them, you can come to me for them.